Product Name: Dimethyl Malate
Chemical Name: Dimethyl malate
Synonyms: Dimethyl malonate, Methyl malate dimethyl ester
CAS Number: 108-59-8
Recommended Use: Chemical intermediate, laboratory reagent
Manufacturer: Contact chemical supplier for precise address and emergency contact information
Emergency Telephone Number: Refer to manufacturer’s label or SDS copy
Formula: C6H10O4
EC Number: 203-598-7
Relevant Identified Uses: Industrial, research and development applications
Restrictions on use: Not for food, drug, or household purposes
GHS Classification: Eye irritation Category 2, Skin irritation Category 3
Hazard Pictograms: Exclamation mark symbol
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: May cause mild skin irritation. Causes eye irritation. Harmful if swallowed in large quantities. Vapors can irritate respiratory tract.
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection.
Other Hazards: Combustible liquid and vapor formation possible at elevated temperatures. For laboratory scale only.
Chemical Name: Dimethyl malate
Concentration: ≥98%
Impurities: Trace malic acid esters, less than 2% by weight
Molecular Formula: C6H10O4
EINECS: 203-598-7
UN Number: Not assigned in most transport categories
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air immediately. Seek medical attention for persistent cough or difficulty breathing.
Skin Contact: Wash affected skin with plenty of water and mild soap. Remove contaminated clothing and launder before re-use. If irritation persists, get medical advice.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Hold eyelids open during rinsing. Get medical attention if symptoms remain.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention, especially if large quantities have been ingested or if symptoms develop such as nausea or dizziness.
Most Important Symptoms: Redness, itching, stinging of skin or eyes, hoarseness, cough.
Advice to Physician: Treat symptomatically, no specific antidote known.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, foam.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water jet risk of chemical runoff.
Specific Hazards: Containers exposed to heat may rupture. Decomposition releases carbon oxides and potentially irritating vapors.
Protective Equipment: Full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus required for firefighting in hazardous area.
Special Instructions: Cool containers with water spray if exposed to fire. Evacuate area if safe fire management cannot occur.
Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, low molecular weight organic compounds.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Use appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical goggles and gloves.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage. Do not allow entry into drains, surface waters, or soil.
Methods for Containment: Absorb with inert materials such as sand, vermiculite, or diatomaceous earth.
Methods for Cleanup: Shovel absorbed material into proper waste containers. Wash spill site with plenty of water after material cleanup is complete.
Notification Procedures: Notify supervisors according to facility procedures and comply with all local/state/federal reporting requirements.
Other Cautions: Small spills present limited hazard with adequate ventilation. For substantial releases, use only with trained and equipped personnel.
Precautions for Safe Handling: Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Use only in well-ventilated areas. Avoid inhalation of vapors.
Hygiene Measures: Do not eat, drink, or smoke while using this chemical. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Clean work clothing regularly.
Technical Measures: Ground and bond containers during transfer. Use explosion-proof equipment in areas where vapors can accumulate.
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed original containers. Keep in a dry, cool, well-ventilated place away from direct sunlight and sources of ignition.
Storage Incompatibilities: Keep away from oxidizing agents, strong acids, and strong bases.
Specific End Use(s): Use as a laboratory chemical or for manufacturing in accordance with strict industrial controls.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH, or EU occupational exposure limits specifically established.
Engineering Controls: Use adequate local exhaust ventilation. General dilution ventilation if handled in small quantities.
Respiratory Protection: For concentrations above vapor threshold, use an approved organic vapor respirator. In laboratory normal use, standard ventilation suffices.
Eye Protection: Safety goggles conforming to EN166 or ANSI Z87.1.
Hand Protection: Nitrile or neoprene gloves recommended.
Skin Protection: Laboratory coat and closed footwear. Additional barrier protection in case of splash risk.
Other Equipment: Eyewash fountains and safety showers in work area.
Environmental Controls: Avoid release into environment by using closed systems or filters where feasible.
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Mild, ester-like
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point/Freezing Point: −23°C
Boiling Point: 191–193°C
Flash Point: 84°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Not tested specifically, but expected to be slower than water
Flammability: May form combustible mixtures at high temperatures
Vapor Pressure: 0.3 mmHg at 25°C
Vapor Density: 4.1 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 1.13 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Moderately soluble in water, miscible with alcohols and ethers
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): 0.1–0.3
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 365°C
Decomposition Temperature: Data not available
Viscosity: 1.5–2.0 mPa.s (20°C)
Chemical Stability: Stable at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: Contact with strong oxidizers, acids, or bases can trigger exothermic reactions.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flames, sparks, prolonged exposure to air.
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, oxidizing agents, alkali metals.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, low molecular organic compounds upon combustion or hydrolysis.
Polymerization: Not known to occur.
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): >2,000 mg/kg; limited acute toxicity in animal studies
Inhalation: Inhalation of high concentrations causes respiratory irritation.
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Brief exposure may cause mild to moderate irritation.
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes eye irritation—possible redness, tearing, pain.
Sensitization: Not a known skin sensitizer.
Chronic Effects: No data linking substance to long-term health hazards.
Carcinogenicity: Not identified as a carcinogen by IARC, NTP, ACGIH, or OSHA.
Reproductive Toxicity: No reliable data; not anticipated based on structure.
Other Data: Contact can aggravate conditions sensitive to esters.
Aquatic Toxicity: LC50 (fish, 96h, estimated): 300–500 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable according to OECD screening tests.
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low, based on partition coefficient.
Mobility in Soil: Likely to migrate in aqueous systems; moderate soil adsorption.
Other Adverse Effects: No evidence of long-term environmental effects at normal use concentrations.
Ozone Depleting Chemicals: Not implicated in ozone depletion.
Product Disposal: Collect and send to licensed chemical disposal contractor or facility in accordance with local, state, and national regulations.
Contaminated Packaging: Empty containers must be cleaned before reuse or sent for disposal. Dispose using authorized waste companies.
Disposal Recommendations: Do not allow to enter water courses, soil, or sewage system. Incineration preferred for liquid waste.
Waste Code: Not specifically regulated, consult local or EPA hazardous waste lists.
Precautions for Disposal: Handle residues and spills as hazardous; follow all safety requirements.
UN Number: Not classified by major transport regulations
Proper Shipping Name: Not regulated as a hazardous material
Transport Hazard Class: Not assigned
Packing Group: Not assigned
Special Precautions: Carry in tightly closed containers, protect from excessive heat or direct sunlight.
Marine Pollutant: Not labeled as marine pollutant
Environmental Hazards: Avoid exposure to waterways in bulk quantities.
US TSCA: Listed
EU REACH: Exempted or listed for specific uses
OSHA HazCom: Not regulated as highly hazardous or extremely hazardous substance
SARA Title III: Not listed under hazardous substances or extremely hazardous substances
California Prop 65: Not listed
WHMIS Classification: Not assigned in Canada
Other International Inventories: Complies with Australia AICS, Japan ENCS, Korea ECL, China IECSC, Philippines PICCS
Label Elements: Comply with local regulations for labeling in workplace and transportation settings
