1. Sodium lactate has a direct inhibitory effect on bacterial growth. Sodium lactate can be decomposed into lactic acid and sodium ions, among which lactic acid has strong acidity and can reduce the environmental pH required for bacterial growth, directly inhibiting bacterial growth.
2. Sodium lactate can alter the environment of bacteria, thereby inhibiting their growth. Sodium lactate has good solubility and can quickly dissolve in water, forming lactate ions and sodium ions. These ions can penetrate into bacterial cells, disrupting the integrity of the bacterial cell wall and leading to bacterial death.